Synonyms
More meanings
Tip: select a single word for meaning & synonyms.
Select multiple words normally to copy text.
Chapter 10: ICSE Class 10 English Language/Grammar solved
Get textual answers, explanations, solutions, notes, extras, MCQs, PDF of Chapter 10: ICSE Class 10 English Language/Grammar (Total English) workbook solved which comprises Adjectives, Narrative Composition, Precision in Summary Writing, Test Paper – 10. However, the educational materials should only be used for reference, and students are encouraged to make necessary changes.
If you notice any errors in the notes, please mention them in the comments
Adjectives
Assignment
I. Put a tick mark against the correct words given in brackets:
1. Did you hear the (latest, last) news?
Answer: latest
Explanation: Imagine you have a stack of newspapers from every day of the week. The ‘last’ news would be from the newspaper at the very bottom, from a long time ago. The ‘latest’ news is from the newspaper on the very top, from right now! When we ask about news, we want to know what is happening now, so we ask for the newest, or ‘latest’, news.
2. He is not fond of (this, these) kind of sweets.
Answer: this
Explanation: We are talking about one ‘kind’ of sweets. The word ‘kind’ is singular, like one cookie. Because ‘kind’ is singular, we have to use the singular word ‘this’ to match it. If we were talking about many different ‘kinds’ of sweets, we would use the plural word ‘these’, like “these kinds of sweets.”
3. My friend lives in the (nearest, next) town.
Answer: next
Explanation: ‘Nearest’ means the town that is the shortest distance away. You would have to measure it. ‘Next’ means the town that is right beside this one, in order. Think of houses on a street. The ‘next’ house is the one right beside yours. The sentence means the town is the very next one you come to, so ‘next’ is the better word.
4. Who is (more, most) beautiful, Anne or Rita?
Answer: more
Explanation: When we compare only two people, like Anne and Rita, we use the word ‘more’. It’s like a competition between just two friends. If we were comparing a whole group of three or more people, we would use ‘most’ to find the one who is at the very top. Since it’s just Anne and Rita, we use ‘more’.
5. The Principal accepted the (latter, later) proposal.
Answer: latter
Explanation: ‘Later’ is about time, like “I will see you later.” ‘Latter’ is about order. It means the second of two things that were just mentioned. The sentence suggests there were two proposals, and the Principal chose the second one. If you were offered a cookie and a candy, and you chose the candy, you chose the ‘latter’ option.
6. Of the two brothers, Rakesh is the (elder, eldest).
Answer: elder
Explanation: This is just like the ‘more’ and ‘most’ rule, but for family! When we compare the age of two family members, we use ‘elder’. When we compare three or more family members, we use ‘eldest’ for the one who is the oldest of all. Since there are only “two brothers,” Rakesh is the ‘elder’ one.
7. Sarita came (later, latter) than I expected.
Answer: later
Explanation: This sentence is all about time. Sarita didn’t arrive at the time I thought she would; she arrived after that time. The word for “after that time” is ‘later’. ‘Latter’ is about the order of things, not time.
8. Can you do this without (further, farther) delay?
Answer: further
Explanation: ‘Farther’ is for a distance you can measure with a ruler, like “My house is farther down the street.” ‘Further’ is for things you can’t measure with a ruler, like more time or more help. A ‘delay’ is about time, so we use ‘further’ to mean “any additional” delay.
9. Maya is my (older, elder) sister.
Answer: elder
Explanation: When we talk about age inside our family, it’s special. We use the word ‘elder’. We can use ‘older’ for people who are not in our family, or for things like an ‘older’ car. But because Maya is a sister, the special family word ‘elder’ is the correct one to use.
10. She is inferior (than, to) her in social position.
Answer: to
Explanation: Some words are like a special club, and they have their own rules. Words like ‘inferior’, ‘superior’, ‘senior’, and ‘junior’ are in this club. Their rule is that they always use the word ‘to’ after them instead of ‘than’. It’s just a special grammar rule you have to remember for these words. So, it’s always “inferior to” someone.
II. Arrange the adjectives in the correct order before the noun, changing a and an where necessary.
1. a coat (leather, black, dirty)
Answer: a dirty black leather coat.
Explanation: When we describe something, we usually put the words in a special order. Think of it like building with blocks. First, we say our opinion or what condition it’s in (dirty). Then, we say its color (black). After that, we say what it’s made of (leather). Finally, we say the thing we are talking about (coat). So, we get “a dirty black leather coat.”
2. a shirt (Indian, cotton, green)
Answer: a green Indian cotton shirt.
Explanation: To describe this shirt, we follow a simple order. First comes the color (green). Next, we say where it comes from, its origin (Indian). Then, we mention the material it’s made of (cotton). Lastly, we name the item itself (shirt). This gives us “a green Indian cotton shirt.”
3. a car (black, small, Japanese)
Answer: a small black Japanese car.
Explanation: Imagine you’re telling a friend about a car. It’s best to say its size first (small). Then, you tell them the color (black). After that, you can say where the car was made (Japanese). And at the end, you say what it is (car). That’s how we get “a small black Japanese car.”
4. a carpet (beautiful, multicoloured, oval)
Answer: a beautiful oval multicoloured carpet.
Explanation: When we talk about this carpet, we start with our opinion about it (beautiful). Then, we describe its shape (oval). Next, we talk about its colors (multicoloured). Finally, we say the name of the object (carpet). This order helps us paint a clear picture: “a beautiful oval multicoloured carpet.”
5. a table (teak, kitchen, handmade, brown)
Answer: a brown handmade teak kitchen table.
Explanation: This table has many descriptions! Let’s put them in order. We start with the color (brown). Then, we say how it was made (handmade). Next is the material it’s made from (teak). After that, we say what it’s used for, its purpose (kitchen). At the very end, we say the noun (table). So, it becomes “a brown handmade teak kitchen table.”
6. a necklace (old, gold, expensive, artistic)
Answer: an expensive artistic old gold necklace.
Explanation: To describe this necklace, we start with our opinion or judgment (expensive, artistic). Then we mention its age (old). After that, we say what material it is made of (gold). Finally, we name the item (necklace). Because “expensive” starts with a vowel sound (‘e’), we use “an” instead of “a”. This gives us “an expensive artistic old gold necklace.”
7. a horse (brown, thin, countryside)
Answer: a thin brown countryside horse.
Explanation: When describing this horse, we first mention its size or shape (thin). Then, we say its color (brown). Next, we can describe its type or where it’s from (countryside). Lastly, we say what the animal is (horse). This creates the phrase “a thin brown countryside horse.”
8. a room (narrow, dark, dirty)
Answer: a dirty, narrow, dark room.
Explanation: To describe this room, we can start with its condition, which is a general quality (dirty). Then, we can talk about its shape or size (narrow). After that, we can mention its color or lack of light (dark). Finally, we say the noun (room). This gives us “a dirty, narrow, dark room.”
9. a sweet (buttery, straw-coloured, square, almond-flavoured)
Answer: a buttery, almond-flavoured, square, straw-coloured sweet.
Explanation: This sweet has many features! We start with its quality or flavour (buttery, almond-flavoured). Then, we describe its shape (square). Next, we say its color (straw-coloured). Finally, we name the item (sweet). This makes the description “a buttery, almond-flavoured, square, straw-coloured sweet.”
10. a boy (brave, tall, ambitious)
Answer: a tall, brave, ambitious boy.
Explanation: When we describe a person, we often put their physical features like size first (tall). Then, we talk about their character or qualities (brave, ambitious). Lastly, we say who we are talking about (boy). This gives us the description “a tall, brave, ambitious boy.” While the book suggests putting quality first, putting a physical trait like size before character traits is also very common and sounds natural. An alternative correct answer following the book’s chart strictly would be “a brave, ambitious, tall boy.”
Narrative Composition
Assignment
Write a composition on any one of the following:
1. A famous social worker has recently visited your school. Write an article for your school magazine describing his/her visit.
Answer: An Hour of Inspiration: A Day with Mr. Kailash Satyarthi
The usual morning buzz in the school corridors was replaced by a palpable sense of excitement last Tuesday. The reason was the much-awaited visit of the Nobel Peace Prize laureate and renowned child rights activist, Mr. Kailash Satyarthi. His visit was not just an event; it was an opportunity for us to meet a living legend whose work has saved thousands of children from exploitation.
As Mr. Satyarthi walked into the auditorium, he was greeted with a thunderous standing ovation. Dressed in a simple kurta, his calm and humble demeanour instantly connected with everyone present. He began his address not with statistics of his achievements, but with a simple, moving story of the first child he had rescued. He spoke of the fear in the child’s eyes, which was soon replaced by a glimmer of hope. “That glimmer,” he said, “is what has kept me going for all these years. Every child deserves a childhood, not a life of labour.”
His words were powerful and painted a vivid picture of the harsh realities faced by many children in our country. He urged us, the youth, to be the eyes and ears of society. He reminded us that compassion and courage are the two most important tools for bringing about change. During the interactive session that followed, students asked him about the challenges he faced and how we could contribute. To a question about what students could do, he simply replied, “Start by being kind. Stand up for a classmate who is being bullied. Help a child in your neighbourhood who cannot afford books. Small acts of courage and kindness create the biggest ripples of change.”
The session concluded, but the impact of his words lingered in the air. Mr. Satyarthi’s visit was a profound lesson in humanity. He did not just deliver a speech; he ignited a spark within us to be more aware, more compassionate, and more active citizens. His presence on our campus has left an indelible mark, inspiring us to believe that we too can make a difference in the world.
2. Describe an incident in which you felt you were the victim of envy or spite.
Answer: The Unspoken Rivalry
The annual Inter-House Debate Competition had always been the highlight of the academic year for me. I had spent weeks preparing, poring over books and articles, and practising my speech until the words flowed effortlessly. My main competitor was Sameer from the rival house. We had always shared a healthy rivalry, often pushing each other to perform better. This year, however, something felt different.
On the day of the finals, I was confident. My topic was ‘Technology: A Boon or a Bane?’, and I had my arguments neatly arranged on a set of cue cards. I had even included a powerful quote on a separate card to use for my conclusion. A few minutes before my turn, I left my cards on my designated seat and went to have a sip of water. When I returned, I quickly glanced through them, and everything seemed to be in order.
I stepped onto the stage, and my speech began well. The audience was engaged, and the judges were nodding in appreciation. As I reached the final part of my argument, I reached for my concluding cue card. It was gone. A wave of panic washed over me. I fumbled through the other cards, my mind racing, but the final, most impactful card was missing. I tried to recall the quote from memory, but my mind went blank under the sudden pressure. I stammered through a weak conclusion, my confidence shattered.
As I walked off the stage, disappointed and confused, I saw Sameer at the side. He avoided my gaze, but I caught a fleeting glimpse of a smirk on his face. In that instant, I knew. He had not won because he was better; he had won by ensuring I couldn’t be at my best. The victory he secured felt hollow to me, tainted by an act of spite. The incident taught me a bitter lesson about envy. It wasn’t the loss of the trophy that hurt, but the loss of respect for a competitor and the realisation that some people would rather pull others down than rise on their own merit.
Summary Writing
1. Study the following passage and state in not more than 30 words what Napoleon says about life.
Napoleon said, “God is always on the side of the strongest battalions. He is always on the side of the best prepared, the best trained, the most vigilant, the pluckiest and the most determined.” If we should examine the career of most men, who are called lucky, we should find that their success has its root far back in the past, and has drawn its nourishment from many a battle in the struggle for supremacy over poverty and opposition. We should probably find that the “lucky” man is more of a thinker than the “unlucky” man; that he has finer judgement, that he has more system and order, that his brain acts more vigorously, and that he is more practical. Life is not a game of chance. The Creator did not put us where we would be the sport of circumstances, to be tossed about by a cruel fate regardless of our own efforts.
Answer: Napoleon says life is not a game of chance. Success is achieved by the best prepared, trained, and most determined individuals, whose success is rooted in their own past efforts.
2. State in 30 words of your own what is said in the following passage about the harm done by viruses.
Viruses have been the object of intense study in recent years. Viruses are parasites, that is to say, they prey on larger plants and animals, whose bodies they invade. They may attack anything from bacteria upwards, but each virus is very particular about the type of host it chooses to dwell in, and about the type of host cell it is going to invade. Thus, for example, the virus of infantile paralysis likes to live in a certain type of cells in the spinal cord, which it may damage; injury to these cells causes paralysis. How the virus injures its host cell is not known; it may kill the cell or it may, on the other hand, stimulate the cell to grow wildly; it may enter a human body and lie dormant there indefinitely, a silent infection. If the individual harbouring the virus transmits disease to others, without being ill himself, he is known as a carrier of the disease.
Answer: Viruses are parasites that invade specific host cells. They can kill cells, cause abnormal growth, or damage them, leading to paralysis. They can also make the host a disease carrier.
Test Paper – 10
Question 1
(Do not spend more than 30 minutes on this question.)
Write a composition (300 – 350 words) on any one of the following:
(i) Write an original story ending with, ‘They also serve who stand and wait.’
Answer: They Also Serve Who Wait
For five long years, Elara’s life had revolved around the small window overlooking the harbour. Every morning, she would watch the fishing boats with their colourful sails disappear over the horizon, and every evening, she would watch them return, her heart a knot of hope and dread. Her husband, Liam, had been on one such boat, a merchant vessel that had sailed for distant shores and never came back. While others in the village had long given him up for lost, consumed by the unforgiving sea, Elara refused to let go.
Her days were a quiet ritual of tending to her small garden, mending nets for the other fishermen, and caring for her aging mother. The villagers would often look at her with pity. “Move on, child,” old Manon would say gently. “The sea has taken him. You are young; you must live your own life.” But Elara would only smile faintly and shake her head. Her vigil was not one of sadness, but of faith. She believed in Liam’s promise to return.
She became the village’s silent keeper of memories, a constant presence at the docks, offering a warm drink to returning sailors and a comforting word to anxious families. She never sailed the seas or fought its storms, but her strength was a lighthouse for many. One crisp autumn evening, as the sun bled orange into the water, a ship appeared on the horizon—unfamiliar, its mast tall and proud. As it drew closer, a figure stood at the bow, waving frantically. It was Liam, weathered and thin, but alive. The village erupted in cheers, but Elara simply stood by her window, tears of relief streaming down her face. Her long, patient vigil was over. Her faith had been her service, a quiet, steadfast anchor in a world of uncertainty. They also serve who stand and wait.
(ii) ‘Look before you leap and think before you speak.’ Narrate an incident from your experience which brings out the truth of this statement.
Answer: Look Before You Leap
I have always been a person of quick decisions, priding myself on my ability to act swiftly. However, an incident during my school years taught me the profound wisdom behind the saying, ‘Look before you leap and think before you speak.’ I was part of the school’s debate club, a place I cherished for its intellectual challenges and camaraderie. One afternoon, during a practice session, our moderator, Mr. Harrison, announced a change in the team lineup for the upcoming state championship. To my shock, my name was moved to the reserve list.
Feeling slighted and angry, I didn’t pause to ask for a reason. My pride was wounded, and I felt my hard work had been dismissed. Without a second thought, I stood up, declared that I was quitting the club, and stormed out of the room, ignoring the calls of my teammates and the surprised look on Mr. Harrison’s face. For the rest of the day, I nursed my anger, convinced I had made a righteous stand.
The next morning, my friend Rohan found me in the library. He looked disappointed. “You should have waited,” he said. “Mr. Harrison was going to explain. He had received a request from the championship organizers to include a junior team, and he had selected you to be its captain. He put you on the reserve list for the senior team only as a formality.” The weight of his words crushed me. My impulsive leap had cost me a leadership opportunity I had dreamed of. I had let my pride speak for me without seeking the full picture. Apologizing to Mr. Harrison was one of the most difficult things I ever had to do. That day, I learned a valuable lesson: a moment of patience can prevent a lifetime of regret.
(iii) ‘Every family should adopt a pet.’ Express your views either for or against this statement.
Answer: Every Family Should Adopt a Pet
In an age where digital screens often replace genuine connection, the simple, unconditional love of a pet can be a transformative force within a family. I strongly believe that every family that is capable of doing so should adopt a pet. The benefits they bring extend far beyond mere companionship; they enrich our lives, teach us valuable lessons, and improve our well-being.
For children, growing up with a pet is an invaluable experience. It teaches them responsibility as they learn to care for another living being by feeding, grooming, and exercising it. This daily routine fosters empathy, patience, and a sense of duty that can shape them into more compassionate adults. A pet is also a constant friend, a non-judgmental confidant for a child’s secrets and fears, offering comfort when human words fall short.
Furthermore, pets have a remarkable impact on a family’s health. A dog, for instance, encourages an active lifestyle with its need for daily walks and playtime, getting the entire family outdoors and moving. The simple act of stroking a cat or watching fish swim in a tank has been scientifically shown to reduce stress and lower blood pressure. In a fast-paced world, a pet provides a calming presence, reminding us to slow down and appreciate the simple joys of life.
Adopting a pet from a shelter also means saving a life and giving a deserving animal a second chance at happiness. The bond that forms between a family and their adopted pet is a unique and powerful one, built on mutual love and gratitude. This relationship strengthens the family unit, creating shared memories and a home filled with more laughter, warmth, and love. For all these reasons, the decision to welcome a pet into the home is one of the most rewarding a family can make.
(iv) Which is your favourite movie? Describe the story, the characters and what you like about the movie.
Answer: Adventure is Out There: Why I Love “Up”
My favourite movie is the animated masterpiece, “Up,” created by Pixar Animation Studios. It is a film that masterfully blends adventure, humour, and deep emotion, leaving a lasting impression on viewers of all ages.
The story follows Carl Fredricksen, a grumpy, elderly widower who feels life has passed him by. To escape being moved into a retirement home and to fulfil a lifelong promise to his late wife, Ellie, he ties thousands of balloons to his house and floats away on an adventure to Paradise Falls in South America. His journey takes an unexpected turn when he discovers a young, persistent Wilderness Explorer named Russell has accidentally stowed away on his porch. Together, this unlikely pair navigates the remote jungle, encountering a talking dog named Dug and a rare, colourful bird named Kevin, all while being pursued by a famed explorer with sinister intentions.
The characters are the heart of the film. Carl’s transformation from a bitter recluse to a caring father figure is beautifully portrayed. His initial gruffness is a shield for his deep grief over losing Ellie, and his journey is as much about healing his heart as it is about reaching Paradise Falls. Russell is the perfect foil—his childish innocence, optimism, and relentless chatter slowly break down Carl’s walls. Dug, the lovable golden retriever whose special collar translates his thoughts into speech, provides much of the film’s comedy and loyalty.
What I love most about “Up” is its emotional depth. The wordless opening montage that depicts Carl and Ellie’s life together is a powerful piece of storytelling that beautifully captures the joys and sorrows of a shared life. The film explores themes of love, loss, grief, and the idea that adventure can be found at any age. It reminds us that the greatest adventures are not always the ones we plan, but the relationships we build along the way. The stunning animation and Michael Giacchino’s memorable musical score further elevate this incredible film into a timeless classic.
(v) Study the picture given below. Write a story or a description or an account of what it suggests to you. Your composition may be about the subject of the picture or you may take suggestions from it; however, there must be a clear connection between the picture and your composition.
Answer: Planting a Promise
The small sapling felt delicate in ten-year-old Maya’s hands. Its roots were wrapped in a damp ball of earth, and its few tender leaves trembled in the slight afternoon breeze. It was a gift from her grandfather for her birthday, not a toy or a dress, but something living. “This is a promise, Maya,” he had said. “A promise of a greener future. It’s up to you to keep it.”
Maya knew exactly where the sapling belonged. At the edge of her neighbourhood was a small park that had recently lost a line of old, majestic trees to a new road expansion project. The sight of the stumps had left a hollow feeling in the community. Holding her sapling, Maya walked with purpose towards the barren patch of land. Her friends, seeing her on a mission, curiously followed.
She found the perfect spot, bathed in sunlight. With a small trowel, she began to dig. The soil was firm, but she worked patiently, her brow furrowed in concentration as shown in the picture. Her friends watched, at first in silence, and then, inspired by her quiet determination, they joined in, clearing away small stones and fetching water.
As Maya gently placed the sapling into the earth and patted the soil around its base, a sense of profound accomplishment washed over her. This tiny tree was more than just a plant; it was a symbol of hope. It was her small act of defiance against the grey concrete that threatened to swallow their green spaces. It was a beginning. As she looked down at the sapling, she imagined it growing tall and strong, its branches reaching for the sky, offering shade and shelter for generations to come.
In that quiet moment, standing in the park with her friends, Maya understood her grandfather’s words. She was not just planting a tree; she was planting a future.
Question 2
(Do not spend more than 20 minutes on this question.)
Select any one of the following:
(i) You made an appointment with your cousin, unfortunately you could not keep it. Write a letter of apology to him/her explaining what prevented you from keeping the appointment.
Answer:
15, Park Avenue,
Greenwood Colony,
Mumbai – 400050.
15th July 2024
Dear Rohan,
I am writing this letter to sincerely apologize for not being able to meet you at the cafe yesterday. I know you must have waited for me, and I feel terrible for not showing up and for not being able to inform you in time.
What happened was completely unexpected. Just as I was about to leave home, my younger sister, Priya, had a severe asthma attack. She was struggling to breathe, and we had to rush her to the hospital immediately. It was a very stressful situation, and in the panic, I completely forgot to call or message you. We were at the hospital until late in the evening. Thankfully, she is stable now and back home.
I was really looking forward to our meeting and catching up. I hope you can understand.
Could we please reschedule? I am free this coming Saturday. We could meet at the same place, or anywhere you prefer. The treat will be on me to make up for my absence.
I hope to hear from you soon.
With love,
Amit
(ii) Write a letter to the Chief Minister of your State, complaining about the lack of hospitals in your area and its impact on patients with multiple ailments.
Answer:
21, Sunrise Apartments,
Shantinagar,
Nagpur – 440022.
15th July 2024
The Honourable Chief Minister,
Government of Maharashtra,
Mantralaya,
Mumbai – 400032.
Subject: Complaint regarding the lack of hospitals in Shantinagar
Respected Sir,
I am a resident of Shantinagar, Nagpur, and I am writing to you on behalf of my community to bring to your attention a grave issue we are facing: the severe lack of adequate hospital and healthcare facilities in our area.
Shantinagar is a densely populated locality with a significant number of senior citizens and families. The nearest multi-speciality government hospital is over 15 kilometres away. This distance poses a major challenge, especially during medical emergencies. Patients often lose critical time in transit, which can have dire consequences.
The situation is particularly difficult for patients with multiple or chronic ailments who require regular check-ups, treatments, and specialist consultations. The long and arduous journey to distant hospitals is physically and financially draining for them and their families. Many elderly patients, unable to travel frequently, end up neglecting their health, leading to a deterioration in their condition. The few private clinics in our vicinity are ill-equipped to handle serious cases and are not affordable for everyone.
The absence of a well-equipped hospital in our area is a serious threat to the health and well-being of thousands of residents. We earnestly request you to look into this matter with urgency and consider our plea for the establishment of a government hospital in Shantinagar. Such a facility would provide timely and affordable medical care to the people and save many precious lives.
We look forward to a positive response and prompt action from your end.
Thanking you,
Yours faithfully,
Sunita Sharma
A concerned resident of Shantinagar
Question 3
(i) You are the Secretary of the Children’s Wing of the RWA of your Housing Society. You and your team are planning to organise a programme to celebrate Grandparents Day. Write a notice, to be put up outside the RWA Office of your society, giving details of the programme.
Answer:
GREENWOOD HOUSING SOCIETY RWA
CHILDREN’S WING
NOTICE
15th September 2023
GRANDPARENTS DAY CELEBRATION
This is to inform all residents that the Children’s Wing is organising a special programme to celebrate Grandparents Day and honour the pillars of our families. All grandparents are cordially invited to attend the event with their grandchildren.
The details of the programme are as follows:
Date: 25th September 2023
Time: 5:00 PM onwards
Venue: Society Community Hall
The evening will include fun games, musical performances by the children, and a special high tea. Let us come together to make this day memorable for our beloved grandparents.
Anjali Sharma
(Secretary, Children’s Wing)
(ii) Write an email to a popular actor, who is an octogenarian, but is still quite healthy and active, requesting him/her to be the Chief Guest on the occasion of the Grandparents Day Celebration.
Answer:
To: vikramsingh.actor@email.com
From: secretary.childrenswing.ghs@email.com
Subject: Invitation to be Chief Guest for Grandparents Day Celebration
Dear Mr. Vikram Singh,
I am writing to you on behalf of the Children’s Wing of the Greenwood Housing Society RWA. We are a group of young residents dedicated to organising cultural and social events within our community.
This year, we are celebrating Grandparents Day on 25th September 2023, to honour the senior members of our families. The event will be held at our Society Community Hall from 5:00 PM onwards.
As an octogenarian who continues to inspire millions with your health, vitality, and active career, you are a role model for all generations. Your presence as the Chief Guest would be a great source of joy and encouragement for both the children and the grandparents of our society. It would make the occasion truly special for everyone.
We would be honoured if you could spare some time from your busy schedule to grace our event. We eagerly await a positive response.
Thank you for your time and consideration.
With warm regards,
Anjali Sharma
Secretary
Children’s Wing
Greenwood Housing Society RWA
Question 4
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
[The Salvation Army is a Protestant Christian institution founded in 1865. It has a quasi-military structure and is known for its charity work. Sergeant literally means an army officer, in the extract it means a church leader.]
Asold Bulger was intolerant of visitors, he was reported to be of unsound mind, something of a wizard, and a miser with a vast amount of gold buried in or near his hut. The old man worked as a drummer for the Salvation Army. The thoughtless boys badgered Bulger incessantly and criticised the style of his drum performance. But the old man paid no attention to their jeers.
The sergeant had met many odd characters, and allowed Bulger to have his own silent way for the time being. But one night, he followed the old man outside, and laid his hand upon his shoulder. “Comrade,” he said, “is all well with you?”
“I am glad you came outside,” said Bulger. “I have been wanting to ask you: Do you believe the Lord God would take a man in His Kingdom if he came to Him late as the last resort? Would not it look mean to wait till then and try to come?”
“Bless His name-ho!” said the sergeant. “For the poorer and the more miserable, greater is His love and forgiveness.”
“Yes, I am poor,” said Bulger. “Awfully poor and miserable. I have got no family, nor friends-but one, that is my gold. And that one has driven me to ruin.”
“If this friend stands between you and your soul’s peace, give him up,” was all the sergeant could say.
“I can’t-now,” said the old man, dropping into a fretful whine. “But, I am trying.”
Afterwards the sergeant would often call to Bulger: “Knocked that friend of yours out yet?” The answer was always unsatisfactory.
The winter of 1892 was a memorable one in the South. Hunger and cold struck the improvident – a hundred women, children and old men were gathered into the Salvation Army’s quarters to be warmed and fed. Christmas was near at hand. Never since the Army first came had it failed to provide a Christmas tree and gifts for the children. On the night of December the 20th, the sergeant announced that there were not enough funds; and therefore, there could be no Christmas tree. A kind of voiceless wail went among the children. Light faded from their eyes.
Bulger, who had been sitting in a shadow, rose and shuffled out of the room without ceremony, as was his custom. About eight o’clock the door opened, and Bulger came in covered with snow like Santa Claus. The old man shambled down the hall to where the sergeant stood, drew a wet, earth-soiled bag from under his coat and laid it upon the table. “Open it,” he said, and motioned to the sergeant. That cheery official seized the bottom of the bag, turned it up, and stood, with his smile turned to a gape of amazement, gazing at a heap of gold coins that rolled upon the table.
“I have thought it out at last, sergeant,” said old Bulger, “and I have given up that friend I told you about. Now we can have the Christmas tree for children with these gold coins.”
(i) For each word given below choose the correct meaning (as used in the passage) from the options provided:
1. badgered (line 3)
(a) helped
(b) harassed
(c) urged
(d) exhorted
Answer: (b) harassed
2. faded (line 27)
(a) disappeared
(b) appeared
(c) discoloured
(d) disfigured
Answer: (a) disappeared
(ii) Which word in the passage is the opposite of ‘disappointment’?
(a) intolerant
(b) wizard
(c) performance
(d) amazement
Answer: (d) amazement
(iii) Answer the following questions briefly in your own words.
(a) What did the people say about old Bulger?
Answer: People reported that old Bulger was of unsound mind, something of a wizard, and a miser who had a vast amount of gold buried in or near his hut.
(b) What was Bulger’s doubt regarding his salvation? How did the sergeant console him?
Answer: Bulger doubted if God would accept a man into His Kingdom if he came to Him late, as a last resort, thinking it would seem mean. The sergeant consoled him by saying that for the poorer and more miserable, God’s love and forgiveness are greater.
(c) What advice did the sergeant give Bulger?
Answer: When Bulger confessed that his gold had driven him to ruin, the sergeant advised him to give up his gold if it stood between him and his soul’s peace.
(d) What was the impact of the winter on poor people as well as on children?
Answer: The severe winter caused hunger and cold, forcing a hundred poor women, children, and old men to gather at the Salvation Army’s quarters to be warmed and fed. The children were especially impacted when they were told there would be no Christmas tree; a wail went among them and the light faded from their eyes.
(e) What did Bulger do so that the children could have a Christmas tree?
Answer: Bulger brought a wet, earth-soiled bag to the sergeant, which contained a heap of gold coins. He gave this gold, which he had hoarded, so that the children could have their Christmas tree.
(iv) Who is referred to, by Bulger, as his only friend? How did old Bulger finally give up his friend? Answer in not more than fifty words.
Answer: Bulger referred to his gold as his only friend. He finally gave up this friend by bringing his bag of hoarded gold coins to the sergeant. He donated the money to the Salvation Army so they could buy a Christmas tree and gifts for the poor children.
Question 5
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage but write in correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
Example: (0) Authored
….0…. (Author) by Goswami Tulsidas, ‘Ramcharitmanas’ is an epic poem that ….1…. (narrate) the life of Lord Rama, a ….2…. (revere) figure in Hindu ….3…. (myth). It is ….4…. (write) in the Awadhi dialect of Hindi, and is one of the most renowned works of ….5…. (devotion) literature in India.
‘Ramcharitmanas’ is not only a ….6…. (religion) text but also a ….7…. (culture) symbol, ….8…. (influence) art, music, and literature across India.
Answer:
- narrates
- revered
- mythology
- written
- devotional
- religious
- cultural
- influencing
(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
(a) Quinine is an effective antidote …………………… Malaria.
(b) The Principal has just glanced …………………… the letter.
(c) Afflicted …………………… tuberculosis he died a miserable death.
(d) He decided …………………… a holiday abroad.
(e) Do not quarrel with your friend …………………… a trifle.
(f) The autocrat had hunger …………………… power.
(g) The Chairman has consented to preside …………………… the function.
(h) The Director of the film was delighted …………………… the public response.
Answer:
(a) to
(b) at
(c) with
(d) on
(e) over
(f) for
(g) over
(h) with
(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using and, but or so. Choose the correct option.
1. The artist has made a few errors. His art is exceptionally good.
(a) The artist made few errors for his exceptionally good art.
(b) Except for a few errors, the artist’s art is exceptionally good.
(c) Beside a few errors, the artist’s art was exceptionally good.
(d) Not only for a few errors but also the artist’s art is exceptionally good.
Answer: (b) Except for a few errors, the artist’s art is exceptionally good.
2. He does many projects. None of them are successful.
(a) No projects of his are being successful.
(b) The projects of his are not successful.
(c) None of the projects he does are successful.
(d) None of the projects he do are successful.
Answer: (c) None of the projects he does are successful.
3. The light was dim. We could not read the book.
(a) The light was dim since we could not read the book.
(b) Since the light was dimmed, as we did not read the book.
(c) The light being dim, we could not read the book.
(d) Though the light was dim, we could read the book.
Answer: (c) The light being dim, we could not read the book.
4. He was not so important. So I did not visit him.
(a) He is not so important for me to visit.
(b) He was not so important for I did not visit him.
(c) I did not visit him unless he was not so important.
(d) I did not visit him as he was not so important.
Answer: (d) I did not visit him as he was not so important.
(iv) Choose the correct option to rewrite the following according to the instructions given after each sentence.
1. This watch may be expensive, but I will buy it. (Begin with: However ….)
(a) However expensive may be this watch, but I will buy it.
(b) However may be this watch expensive, I will buy it.
(c) However expensive this watch may be, I will buy it.
(d) However the watch may be expensive, unless I will buy it.
Answer: (c) However expensive this watch may be, I will buy it.
2. He is sorrowful, yet hopeful. (Begin with: Notwithstanding…)
(a) Notwithstanding about his sorrow, he is hopeful.
(b) Notwithstanding to his sorrow, yet he is hopeful.
(c) Notwithstanding his sorrow, he is hopeful.
(d) Notwithstanding sorrow, he is therefore hopeful.
Answer: (c) Notwithstanding his sorrow, he is hopeful.
3. Haven’t I told you of the danger earlier? (Begin with: I have…)
(a) I have to tell you of the danger earlier, haven’t I?
(b) I have the danger to tell you earlier, haven’t I?
(c) I have told you of the danger earlier, haven’t I?
(d) I have told you the danger earlier, haven’t I?
Answer: (c) I have told you of the danger earlier, haven’t I?
4. Joy taught me to play piano. (Begin with: I …)
(a) I was taught to play the piano by Joy.
(b) I taught by Joy to play piano.
(c) I was taught by Joy so as to play piano.
(d) I was taught to play piano from Joy.
Answer: (a) I was taught to play the piano by Joy.
5. To think of our meeting here! (Begin with: It is strange…)
(a) It is strange that to think of our meeting here.
(b) It is strange our meeting would be here.
(c) It is strange to think if our meeting would be here.
(d) It is strange to think of our meeting here.
Answer: (d) It is strange to think of our meeting here.
6. A man of wisdom is welcomed by all. (Begin with: All welcome…)
(a) All welcome a man of wisdom.
(b) All welcome to a man of wisdom.
(c) All welcome a man who have wisdom.
(d) All welcome that man has wisdom.
Answer: (a) All welcome a man of wisdom.
7. None but the brave deserve the fair. (Begin with: Only…)
(a) Only as the brave deserve the fair.
(b) Only the brave deserve the fair.
(c) Only the bravest deserve the fair.
(d) Only but the brave deserve the fair.
Answer: (b) Only the brave deserve the fair.
8. He was a poor man, but he was always working hard. (Begin with: Although…)
(a) Although he always works hard, he was a poor man.
(b) Although he was always working hard, he was a poor man.
(c) Although he has always been working hard, he is a poor man.
(d) Although he works hard, he is still a poor man.
Answer: (b) Although he was always working hard, he was a poor man.
