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Old Folks Laugh: NBSE Class 10 Alternative English notes
Here you’ll find a short summary of NBSE Class 10 alternative English chapter ‘Old Folks Laugh’ by Maya Angelou and questions and answers. However, these notes should be used only for references. These materials should be modified/changed as per the needs.
If you notice any errors in the notes, please mention them in the comments
Summary
The poem is a tribute to the positive attitude that elderly people develop towards life. It is a realistic image of them laughing aloud without worrying about how they look when they laugh. Now they do not care what people think of them though there was a time when they did. They do have their troubles when they knit their brow with worry and put on a false, bright smile to cover their anxiety. But when they remember happy times, they laugh with no restraint, with no pretence of maintaining an appearance.
As they guffaw, their bellies shake like a jingling tambourine. Soon, the spit/drool dribbles from the sides of their mouths and their heads shake on their stiff necks. Their laughter is infectious as if they are ridding the world of care. They have known hard times and happy times and remember both. Their laughter is a sign of their triumph over sadness. Now they look forward to releasing in death and willingly forgive life for the state they are in.
Choose the Correct option
1. Which of the following words describes the frailty of old folks?
Answer: b. wobble
2. Which line from the poem indicates that old folks are not self-conscious?
Answer: b. When old folks laugh, they free the world.
3. What is the meaning of the word ‘promise’ in the poem?
Answer: d. Death is inevitable
4. What is the purpose of the full stop used in the lines winding the lines between their brows. Old folk allow their bellies to jiggle…
Answer: d. To show that the old folks’ days of caring about what other people think are over.
5. Why does the poet describe death as ‘dear’?
Answer: a. Death is a relief from the problems that come with old age.
Explain with reference to context
1. Saliva glistens in
the corners of their mouths,
their heads wobble
on brittle necks, but
their laps
are filled with memories
a. Who is being addressed in this poem?
b. What is the attitude of old people when they laugh?
c. What does the poet mean by their laps are filled with memories?
Answer: a. Old people are addressed in this poem.
b. When old people laugh, they don’t care about what the world will think about the way they laugh. They just are real and uncontrolled.
c. By their laps are filled with memories, the poet meant that the old people treasure all the memories they lived carefully and close to them like a child.
2. When old folks laugh, they consider the promise
of dear painless death, and generously
forgive life for happening
to them.
a. What makes the old people want to forgive life?
b. Why do they think about death?
c. What quality of old people does the poet talk about in these lines?
Answer: a. The promise of a painless death makes the old people forgive life.
b. They think about death because they have lived their lives with all the hardships that life had to offer and now that they are old and feeble and content, they think of death as an escape.
c. The fearlessness of the old people to face death because of the contentment of eventually growing old despite all hardships is shown in these lines. They are no more afraid of dying.
Answer the question
1. When and why do the old folks pretend?
Answer: The old folks pretend during times of their troubles or remembering their troubles to hide their anxieties from others. They knit their brow with worry and put on a false, bright smile to cover their anxiety.
2. What kind of an impression would they make on others when they laugh loudly?
Answer: When they laugh loudly, they leave an infectious impression on others and free the world. They teach the world how to laugh without worrying about how they look when they laugh which most of the young people cannot do as they are very much careful about maintaining a poised countenance.
3. What do we know about the old people?
Answer: Through the poem Old Folks Laugh by Maya Angelou, we know that old people have a positive attitude. They laugh aloud without worrying about how they look when they laugh. They do not care what people think of them though there was a time when they did. They do have their troubles when they knit their brow with worry and put on a false, bright smile to cover their anxiety. But when they remember happy times, they laugh with no restraint, with no pretence of maintaining an appearance. They have known hard times and happy times and remember both. Their laughter is a sign of their triumph over sadness. They look forward to dying and willingly forgive life for the state they are in.
Think and answer
1. Can you give a reason why the poet has used run-on lines?
Answer: The poet has used run-on lines to create a sense of flow and continuity, mirroring the continuous and unrestrained nature of the old folks’ laughter. It also reflects the stream of consciousness style, allowing readers to experience the thoughts and emotions of the poem in a more natural and fluid way.
2. Explain how laughter has been used as a metaphor for freedom in this poem.
Answer: Laughter, in the poem, symbolises freedom from societal expectations and self-consciousness. The old folks, unburdened by the need to conform, laugh without restraint, showcasing a liberation of spirit and a release from the constraints of their younger years. Their laughter represents a freedom to be themselves fully and authentically.
3. Do you find the reference to death in the last few lines sudden? Why do you think the poet has talked about death here?
Answer: The reference to death might seem sudden, but it serves to highlight the old folks’ acceptance of their mortality. Their laughter signifies not a fear of death but a peaceful acknowledgment of it as a natural part of life. The poet has talked about death to emphasise the wisdom and perspective that come with age, where death is seen not as an end but as a transition and a release from the trials of life.
Going beyond
1. What is the main idea portrayed in the poem?
Answer: The poem Old Folks Laugh by Maya Angelou is a tribute to the positive attitude that elderly people develop towards life. It is a realistic image of them laughing aloud without worrying about how they look when they laugh. They do not care what people think of them though there was a time when they did. They do have their troubles when they knit their brow with worry and put on a false, bright smile to cover their anxiety. But when they remember happy times, they laugh with no restraint, with no pretence of maintaining an appearance. They have known hard times and happy times and remember both. Their laughter is a sign of their triumph over sadness.
Extra MCQs
1. What physical characteristic of old folks does the poem initially contrast with their laughter?
A. Wrinkled brows
B. Jiggling bellies
C. Wobbly heads
D. Brittle necks
Answer: A. Wrinkled brows
2. How do old folks’ hollers differ from their earlier behavior?
A. They are louder.
B. They are more controlled.
C. They are more expressive and unrestrained.
D. They are quieter and more subdued.
Answer: C. They are more expressive and unrestrained.
3. What simile is used to describe the movement of old folks’ bellies when they laugh?
A. Like a gentle breeze
B. Like slow tambourines
C. Like ocean waves
D. Like rumbling thunder
Answer: B. Like slow tambourines
4. What do old folks possess a deep understanding of, according to the poem?
A. The future
B. The present moment
C. Both the best and worst of their past
D. The secrets of the universe
Answer: C. Both the best and worst of their past
5. Despite their physical fragility, what fills the laps of the old folks?
A. Regrets
B. Fears
C. Memories
D. Treasures
Answer: C. Memories
6. What does the laughter of old folks allow them to contemplate?
A. The burdens of life
B. The inevitability of death
C. The joys of youth
D. The mistakes of the past
Answer: B. The inevitability of death
7. How do old folks approach the concept of death in the poem?
A. With fear and resistance
B. With anger and resentment
C. With acceptance and forgiveness
D. With longing and anticipation
Answer: C. With acceptance and forgiveness
8. What does the phrase “dear painless death” suggest about the old folks’ perspective on dying?
A. They view death as a punishment.
B. They view death as a release from suffering.
C. They view death as a mystery.
D. They view death as a defeat.
Answer: B. They view death as a release from suffering.
9. What overall message does the poem convey about aging and laughter?
A. Aging brings only sorrow and regret.
B. Laughter is a sign of immaturity and foolishness.
C. Aging can bring wisdom, acceptance, and a unique kind of joy.
D. Laughter is a way to escape the realities of life.
Answer: C. Aging can bring wisdom, acceptance, and a unique kind of joy.
Extra questions and answers
1. What contrast does the poem draw between the past and present behavior of old folks?
Answer: The poem contrasts the old folks’ past behavior of worrying and concealing their emotions with their present state of unrestrained laughter and acceptance.
2. How does the poem portray the physical appearance of old folks when they laugh?
Answer: The poem depicts the physical aspects of aging, such as saliva glistening at the corners of their mouths and heads wobbling on brittle necks, emphasizing the unselfconscious nature of their laughter.
3. What does the laughter of old folks symbolize in the poem?
Answer: The laughter of old folks symbolizes freedom, liberation from societal expectations, and a release from the worries and anxieties of their younger years.
4. What is the significance of the memories that fill the laps of the old folks?
Answer: The memories represent the richness of their life experiences, encompassing both joy and sorrow, and contribute to their wisdom and acceptance of life’s journey.
5. How does the poem describe the old folks’ attitude towards death?
Answer: The poem portrays death as a “dear painless” release, suggesting that the old folks approach it with acceptance and forgiveness, viewing it as a natural part of life’s cycle.
6. How does the poet’s use of imagery contribute to the overall theme of the poem?
Answer: The vivid imagery, such as “bellies jiggle like slow tambourines” and “heads wobble on brittle necks,” creates a realistic portrayal of aging and emphasizes the unselfconscious nature of the old folks’ laughter. This imagery reinforces the theme of liberation and acceptance that comes with age.
7. Explain the significance of the line “When old folks laugh, they free the world.”
Answer: This line suggests that the laughter of old folks has a transformative effect, not just on themselves but on the world around them. Their laughter represents a release from negativity, inspiring others to embrace joy and let go of inhibitions. It signifies a sharing of wisdom and a reminder to appreciate the simple pleasures of life.
8. What is the poet’s message about the relationship between aging and happiness?
Answer: The poem challenges the stereotype that aging is synonymous with decline and unhappiness. Instead, it suggests that aging can bring wisdom, acceptance, and a unique kind of joy that comes from a life well-lived. The poem encourages readers to appreciate the perspective and resilience of older generations.
9. Discuss how the poem “Old Folks Laugh” celebrates the human spirit and offers a perspective on aging that challenges societal norms.
Answer: “Old Folks Laugh” celebrates the human spirit by showcasing the resilience and joy that can be found in old age. The poem challenges the societal norm that often associates aging with decline and negativity. Instead, it portrays old folks as individuals who have gained wisdom and acceptance through their life experiences, allowing them to laugh freely and authentically. Their laughter becomes a symbol of liberation from societal expectations and a celebration of the human spirit’s ability to find joy and meaning in life’s later stages. The poem encourages readers to appreciate the unique perspectives and contributions of older generations and to challenge ageist stereotypes that limit our understanding of aging and its potential for fulfillment and happiness.
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